![]() The Ishmaelites, vagrant traders closely related to the Midianites, were apparently regarded as his descendants. 25:16), representing perhaps an ancient confederacy. He is credited with twelve sons, described as "princes according to their tribes" ( Gn. In the Genesis account, God blessed Ishmael, promising that he would be the founder of a great nation and a "wild ass of a man" always at odds with others ( Gn. In the New Testament, Paul uses this incident to symbolize the relationship between Judaism, the older but now rejected tradition, and Christianity ( Gal. Ishmael was circumcised at the age of thirteen by Abraham and expelled with his mother at the instigation of Sarah, who wanted to ensure that Isaac would be Abraham's heir ( Gn. The name Yishma ʿe ʾl is known from various ancient Semitic cultures and means "God has hearkened," suggesting that a child so named was regarded as the fulfillment of a divine promise. Ishmael's mother was Hagar, an Egyptian slave girl whom Sarah gave to Abraham because of her own infertility in accordance with Mesopotamian law, the offspring of such a union would be credited to Sarah ( Gn. ISHMAEL, or, in Hebrew, Yishma ʿe ʾl eldest son of Abraham. ![]()
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